Biopsy device with motorized needle cocking and firing mechanism

A biopsy system is provided, which comprises a biopsy device with a probe, a needle, wherein the needle extends distally from the probe and defines a lateral aperture, a cutter, wherein the cutter is movable relative to the needle, a tissue sample holder, wherein the tissue sample holder is detachably coupled to a proximal end of the probe, a vacuum source, wherein the vacuum source is configured to apply vacuum to the cutter, and a cutter actuation assembly. The cutter assembly includes a sleeve secured to the cutter, a gear, and a nut member, wherein the sleeve includes a threaded section having external threading, wherein the gear is disposed coaxially about the sleeve and is operable to rotate the cutter via the sleeve, wherein the nut member includes internal threading positioned to engage the external threading of the sleeve such that the internal threading and external threading are operable to translate the cutter in response to rotation of the cutter. Therein, the cutter actuation assembly is configured, in a cutting cycle, to retract the cutter to a proximal position relative to the lateral aperture, advance the cutter to a distal position in order to cut tissue positioned in the lateral aperture, and oscillate the cutter proximally and distally after advancing to the distal position.