Ballast with output ground-fault protection

A ballast (10) for powering at least one gas discharge lamp (40) includes an EMI filter (100), a full-wave rectifier (200), a DC-to-DC converter (300), an inverter (400), an output circuit (500), and a microcontroller (600). In response to an output ground-fault condition wherein at least one output terminal (502,504,506,508) of the ballast (20) is shorted to earth ground, the microcontroller (600) directs the DC-to-DC converter (300) to remain in a non-operating mode wherein the output voltage of the DC-to-DC converter (600) is substantially zero, thereby protecting the inverter (400) from damage. Preferably, the microcontroller (600) monitors a voltage across a DC blocking capacitor (530) within the output circuit (500) prior to startup of the DC-to-DC converter (300) in order to determine if an output ground-fault condition is present.