ACTUATORS USING DOUBLE-LAYER CHARGING OF HIGH SURFACE AREA MATERIALS

Actuators are described that operate as a result of double-layer charge injection in electrodes having very high gravimetric surface areas and gravimetric capacitances. The actuator output of the actuators may be a mechanical displacement that can be used to accomplish mechanical work. As a result o...

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Bibliographische Detailangaben
Hauptverfasser:	ANVAR, ZAKHIDOV, ZAFAR, IQBAL, CHANGXING, CUI, BAUGHMAN, RAY, JI, SU
Format:	Patent
Sprache:	eng ; fre ; ger
Schlagworte:	BLASTING CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR ELECTRICITY GENERATION HEATING LIGHTING MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS MECHANICAL ENGINEERING MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOTOTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISEPROVIDED FOR OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS WEAPONS WIND, SPRING WEIGHT AND MISCELLANEOUS MOTORS
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Beschreibung
Zusammenfassung:	Actuators are described that operate as a result of double-layer charge injection in electrodes having very high gravimetric surface areas and gravimetric capacitances. The actuator output of the actuators may be a mechanical displacement that can be used to accomplish mechanical work. As a result of the non-faradaic process and the actuator materials utilized, such as carbon nanotubes, the actuators have improved work capacity, power density, cycle life, and force generation capabilities. Other benefits include low voltage operation and high temperature performance. The actuators also convert a mechanical energy input to an electrical energy output. The actuators may be used to control either thermal, electrical or fluid transport or cause either the switching, phase shift, or attenuation of electromagnetic radiation.