Ship side anti-impact damping device and ship

The shock absorption device comprises a shell, a first buffering assembly and a second buffering assembly, a plurality of air bags are arranged on the outer wall of the shell, the first buffering assembly comprises a sleeve, a first spring and a buffering rod, the first spring is located in an inner hole of the sleeve, and the second spring is located in an outer hole of the sleeve. The sleeve is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the shell, one end of the buffer rod is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the ship, and the other end of the buffer rod is located in an inner hole of the sleeve and abuts against the first spring. The second buffering assembly comprises a fixing rod, two sliding seats, a second spring, two connecting rods and two fixing seats, the fixing rod is fixed to the outer wall of the ship, the two sliding seats are slidably connected to the fixing rod, the fixing rod is sleeved with the second spring, the two ends of the second spring are each connected with one sliding seat, one e