Supporting device based on groove system

The utility model provides a supporting device based on a groove system. The supporting device based on the groove system comprises a support seat, a locking nut, an adjusting supporting nail and a key block, the support seat comprises a base and a supporting plate vertically extending from the base, at least one sliding groove vertically extending is formed in one side of the supporting plate, and at least one or more sliding grooves are formed in the length direction X at intervals; the plate wall of the supporting plate is provided with at least one vertically-extending sliding hole, and the sliding holes correspond to the sliding grooves in a one-to-one mode. The key block is arranged in one of the sliding grooves in a sliding mode, the adjusting supporting nail sequentially penetrates through the key block and the sliding hole, the key block and the adjusting supporting nail can slide in the sliding grooves, and the sliding positions are fixed through the locking nut. Movement and rotation of the workpie