Blowout prevention back pressure device for water exploration and drainage

The utility model discloses a water exploration and drainage blowout prevention back pressure device which comprises a drill rod, a sleeve is arranged outside the drill rod in a sleeved mode, a sealing blowout prevention device is arranged inside the sleeve, a branch pipe is connected outside the sleeve, a chuck is fixed to the end, away from the sleeve, of the branch pipe, and the sleeve is arranged outside the drill rod in a sleeved mode. The drill rod is arranged in the fixing sleeve, when the drill rod tends to be ejected upwards, friction force between the drill rod and the clamping plate drives the clamping plate to move upwards, the clamping plate drives the moving sleeve to move upwards, and the moving sleeve drives the rotating rod to rotate, so that the clamping plate is gradually clamped in the upward moving process, and the drill rod is prevented from tending to further move; and meanwhile, the sealing ring at the bottom of the fixing sleeve seals a drill hole of the drill rod, the sealing and blo