Negative-pressure dust fall type tailing and dust collecting device

The utility model discloses a negative pressure dust fall type tailing and dust collecting device. The device comprises a closed box body, a dust collecting and falling system and a collecting bag are arranged in the closed box body; an air inlet pipe is arranged on one side of the closed box body, the air inlet pipe is communicated with a dust collection and reduction system, and the dust collection and reduction system comprises an air suction shell with baffles on the periphery, a spraying pipeline, filter cloth, an electromagnetic hammer, a fan and a mounting gland; the collecting bag is hooped at the bottom of the air suction shell, is communicated with the air suction shell and is used for collecting tailings and dust; a spraying pipeline used for reducing dust is arranged on the inner wall of the air suction shell; filter cloth is arranged at the top of the air suction shell, and an electromagnetic hammer used for beating dust on the filter cloth is arranged above the filter cloth; a fan enabling negat