Self-pressing washing type rapid filter

A self-pressing washing type rapid filter comprises a pond bucket, the upper end of the pond bucket is provided with a clear water discharge pipeline, the lower end of the pond bucket is respectively provided with a pre-filtering water pipeline and a sludge discharge pipeline, a material filter layer is arranged in the pond bucket, the material filter layer is composed of a plurality of material filter unit layers, and the plurality of layers of material filter unit layers are arranged from top to bottom. In addition, diameters of particles capable of passing through the filter material layers change smaller from bottom to top When the rapid filter is in a washing state, pre-filtering water passes through a pre-filtering water pipeline and the material filter layers, sludge are discharged through the sludge discharge pipeline, and clear water is discharged from the clear water discharge pipeline arranged on the upper end. When the rapid filter is in a back washing state, the water is fed through the clear wat