Submarine cable scour detection method and system based on Brillouin dynamic grating

The invention discloses a submarine cable scour detection method and system based on a Brillouin dynamic grating, relates to the technical field of submarine cable monitoring, and aims to realize accurate submarine cable state detection. The method is characterized by comprising the following steps: winding and laying a measuring optical fiber on a submarine cable; scanning the frequency interval of the pump light and the wavelength of the probe light, and acquiring a wide-frequency-band signal of the Brillouin dynamic grating by using a transverse pressure detection device; and processing the wide-frequency-band signal to obtain the pressure caused by scouring the submarine cable by the ocean current. By measuring the transverse pressure generated by ocean current scouring on the surface of the optical fiber body wrapping the submarine cable, the strength of the pressure of the ocean current scouring effect on the submarine cable is judged. The method has the advantages of high precision, real-time performan