Settlement monitoring device and monitoring method based on liquid level automatic compensation principle

The invention discloses a settlement monitoring device and monitoring method based on a liquid level automatic compensation principle, and relates to the technical field of settlement monitoring. The settlement monitoring device based on the liquid level automatic compensation principle comprises a settlement box body, a fixed box body and a corrugated section, at least one side of the settlement box body is provided with a box body anti-settlement device, the box body anti-settlement device comprises an installation part, an anti-settlement vertical pipe and a limiting part, the anti-settlement vertical pipe is rotationally installed in the middle of the installation part, and the limiting part is arranged on the installation part. One end, close to the settling box body, of the anti-settling vertical pipe is clamped with the settling box body in a first state. Through the arrangement of the anti-sedimentation vertical pipe and the like, the sedimentation monitoring device can monitor the sedimentation of an