Energy storage system and method comprehensively considering carbon emission and economic return rate and medium

The invention discloses an energy storage system and method comprehensively considering carbon emission and economic return rate, and a medium. The energy storage system comprises an electrical load prediction module, a return rate function construction module and a charging and discharging strategy optimization module. The electrical load prediction module sends the spatial dependency relationship and the time sequence dependency relationship in the topological graph, the space-time graph and the knowledge graph divided by the space-time knowledge graph into a model for training to obtain an electrical load prediction model; the return rate function construction module obtains a minimum carbon emission cost function and a maximum revenue return rate function according to the influence of the charging and discharging strategy on the power grid carbon potential; and the charging and discharging strategy optimization module games the carbon emission cost minimization function and the revenue rate maximization f