Application of iron-copper oxide compound as catalyst for catalyzing reduction of nitrobenzene or derivatives thereof to prepare aniline or derivatives thereof

The invention belongs to the technical field of organic synthesis, and particularly relates to application of an iron-copper oxide compound or a composition containing an iron oxide and copper oxide compound as a catalyst for catalyzing nitrobenzene or derivatives thereof to prepare aniline or derivatives thereof. According to the invention, nitrobenzene or a derivative thereof is taken as a raw material, an iron-copper oxide compound or a composition containing an iron oxide and copper oxide compound is taken as a catalyst, hydrogen is taken as a reducing agent, and the aniline or the derivative thereof can be synthesized through catalytic reduction reaction; the iron-copper oxide and iron oxide and copper oxide physical mixed catalyst takes iron salt and copper salt as precursors, is prepared by using a relatively simple method, and is low in price; hydrogen is used as a reducing agent, so that reaction conditions are mild, environment-friendly and pollution-free; the method is simple to operate, low in pro