Phase and polarization reconfigurable transmission unit and transmission array system

The invention relates to the field of a novel artificial electromagnetic surface technology and a beam scanning antenna, and relates to a phase and polarization reconfigurable transmission unit and a transmission array system. The transmission unit comprises a first dielectric plate, a first middle metal layer, a second dielectric plate, a second middle metal layer, a third dielectric plate, a third middle metal layer and a fourth dielectric plate from bottom to top; the bottom surface of the first dielectric plate is used as a receiving surface, the top surface of the fourth dielectric plate is used as an emitting surface, an H-shaped split ring is arranged on the receiving surface, and a PIN diode and a high-frequency capacitor are arranged in the H-shaped split ring; a cross-shaped metal pattern is arranged on the emitting surface; a penetrating electroplating hole is formed in the center of the transmission unit; the transmission units have rich polarization states, the polarization characteristics are re