Preparation method of exosome under regulation and control of mechanical signals, exosome and application of exosome in field of bone and cartilage regeneration and repair

The invention discloses an exosome preparation method under mechanical signal regulation, an exosome and application of the exosome in the field of bone and cartilage regeneration and repair. The preparation method of the exosome under the regulation and control of the mechanical signal comprises the following steps: providing an extracellular matrix with matrix hardness of 1KPa-200KPa, wherein the extracellular matrix is a hydrogel material containing a cell adhesion promoting material; inoculating the mesenchymal stem cells on the surface of the extracellular matrix, culturing for 2-4 days, replacing with a culture medium containing exosome-free serum, continuously culturing for 48-72 hours, and collecting a supernatant; and separating the supernatant to obtain the required exosome. In combination with a specific embodiment, the exosome prepared by the exosome preparation method under the regulation and control of the mechanical signal can effectively promote the generation of new bones at a defect part und