Catalyst as well as preparation method and application thereof

The invention provides a catalyst and a preparation method and application thereof, the catalyst comprises a porous silica gel carrier and an ionic liquid, and at least part of the ionic liquid is located in pores of the porous silica gel carrier; the specific surface area of the catalyst is not less than 320 m < 2 >/g, the pore volume is not less than 2.2 cm < 3 >/g, and the pore diameter is 2.20-2.85 nm. The catalyst provided by the invention is easy to separate and recover, can be reused, and can realize large-scale industrial application. 本发明提供一种催化剂及其制备方法、应用，所述催化剂包括多孔硅胶载体以及离子液体，至少部分离子液体位于所述多孔硅胶载体的孔道中；所述催化剂的比表面积不低于320m2/g，孔容不低于2.2cm3/g，孔径为2.20-2.85nm。本发明提供的催化剂易分离回收，可实现重复利用，能够实现大规模工业化应用。