Structural acoustic regulation and control structure and regulation and control method based on multi-band-gap metamaterial

The invention discloses a structural acoustic regulation and control structure based on a multi-band-gap metamaterial and a regulation and control method. The metamaterial structure unit comprises two kinds of metal with large mass density difference and comprises a base body base, a middle cylinder and a peripheral step sleeve layer, the middle cylinder and the peripheral step sleeve layer are arranged on the base body base, and the whole metamaterial structure unit is in a square lattice shape. And the structure parameters and the material types are finely adjusted, so that each band gap can move towards a target frequency center or the band gap is widened, small-amplitude optimization modulation in a multi-band-gap range is realized, and the most suitable shielding band gap is obtained. The method is applied to the fields of acoustic meta-materials, structural acoustics, ultrasonic guided wave structural health detection and the like, can shield sound waves of multiple frequency components, and improves th