Railway infrastructure monitoring method and system based on unmanned aerial vehicle technology

The invention belongs to the technical field of railway infrastructure monitoring, and aims to solve the problems of low precision and high cost of an existing railway deformation monitoring method. The invention provides a railway infrastructure monitoring method and system based on an unmanned aerial vehicle technology. The railway infrastructure monitoring method comprises the following steps that two rows of M measuring points are arranged on the two sides of a track of a railway basic measuring line; dividing the M measuring points into image control points and check points, and designing N test schemes comprising different combinations of the image control points and the check points; carrying out near-earth shooting on the railway foundation measuring lines under the N test schemes, and reconstructing a point cloud model; actually measuring and acquiring plane coordinates and elevations of check points under N test schemes, comparing the plane coordinates and elevations with the check points in the rec