AIE photosensitizer with intermolecular controllable aggregation as well as preparation method and application of AIE photosensitizer

The invention discloses an intermolecular controllable aggregation AIE photosensitizer as well as a preparation method and application thereof, the structural general formula of the AIE photosensitizer is as shown in formula I, and R is C12-C24 straight-chain alkyl or branched-chain alkyl. Dithiophene triphenylamine is used as an electron donor, and straight-chain alkyl or branched-chain alkyl pyridinium is used as an electron acceptor. The AIE photosensitizer molecule is of a spatial distortion structure, has AIE properties of near-infrared fluorescence emission and fluorescence enhancement, and shows remarkable active oxygen generation capacity under the irradiation of a white light source. Meanwhile, the linear-chain alkyl or branched-chain alkyl pyridinium has good electrostatic adsorption capacity to negative charges and affinity to cell membrane phospholipid bilayers, so that the photosensitizer is effectively promoted to enter cancer cells, cell apoptosis and immunogenic cell death are induced, and the