Electrorheological polishing device and method based on line electrode or group line electrode

The invention relates to an electrorheological polishing device and method based on a line electrode or a group line electrode. The electrorheological polishing device comprises a workpiece clamp, a machined workpiece, a workbench, a liquid tank, polishing liquid, the line electrode, an electrode chuck and an alternating current power source. The liquid tank is connected with the workbench, polishing liquid is filled in the liquid tank, the workpiece clamp is fixedly installed on the workbench through the connecting piece and can be designed and replaced according to different shapes of workpieces, and it is guaranteed that the workpieces do not move during polishing. During polishing, the electrorheological effect is applied, the electrorheological fluid between the two line electrodes generates a chain structure in the electric field direction, the line electrodes clamped by the electrode chuck can move back and forth along a specified path, the solidified electrorheological fluid rubs the surface of a mach