Prefabricated wallboard hoisting and positioning device and method for fabricated building

The invention discloses a prefabricated wallboard hoisting and positioning device and method for a prefabricated building. The device comprises two automatic positioning trolleys which are oppositely located on the two sides of a prefabricated wallboard. Each automatic positioning trolley comprises a walking mechanism, an upper guiding and correcting integrated mechanism, a lower positioning mechanism and a positioning control unit; the upper guiding and correcting integrated mechanism comprises an upper guiding and correcting integrated assembly, an upper transverse driving mechanism used for driving the upper guiding and correcting integrated assembly to move horizontally and transversely and an upper rotating driving mechanism used for driving the upper guiding and correcting integrated assembly to rotate on the vertical face. The lower positioning mechanism comprises an X-direction positioning mechanism and a Y-direction positioning mechanism; the X-direction positioning mechanism comprises an X-direction