Dynamic diffractive optical pattern generator

There is provided a dynamic diffractive optical pattern generator comprising a diffractive optical element layer and a nanostructure layer, the nanostructure layer is configured for steering an input light beam applied to the diffractive optical pattern generator to at least one of a predetermined polar beam steering angle measured in a plane substantially perpendicular to a direction of the input light and a predetermined azimuth beam steering angle, the predetermined orientation beam steering angle is measured relative to the direction of the input light. The dynamic diffractive optical pattern generator may also include a dynamic transmissive layer, at least one region of which is selectively controllable to transmit light therethrough or block light from passing therethrough. The nanostructure layer may include a nanostructure having a periodicity in a range of 0.75 lambda to 3 lambda of a target wavelength lambda. The nanostructure layer may be configured to beam steer light input to the DOE layer or to