Shield tunneling machine hob stress measurement method based on three-dimensional stress detection theory

The invention discloses a shield tunneling machine hob stress measurement method based on a three-dimensional stress detection theory, and the method comprises the steps: enabling axial strain sensors to be installed on an installation substrate, enabling the installation substrate to be of a cubic structure, enabling the axial strain sensors to comprise a straight axial strain sensor and an inclined axial strain sensor, the three straight axial strain sensors are respectively mounted on three surfaces of the mounting base body and are all arranged along the connecting line direction of midpoints of opposite sides, the arrangement directions of the three straight axial strain sensors are vertical in pairs, and the three oblique axial strain sensors are mounted on the other three surfaces of the mounting base body and are all arranged along the diagonal direction of the surfaces; the included angle between every two arrangement directions of the three oblique axial strain sensors is 60 degrees; the installatio