Meteorological multi-element laser radar based on dual-polarization coherent detection

The invention discloses a meteorological multi-element laser radar based on dual-polarization coherent detection. The meteorological multi-element laser radar comprises an optical fiber pulse laser transmitting unit, an optical transceiving unit, a coherent detection receiving unit and an electrical unit, the optical fiber pulse laser emission unit generates pulse laser, one path is transmitted to the optical transceiver unit to emit the laser, and the other path enters the coherent detection unit to be used for coherent beat frequency detection; echo signals scattered by aerosol particles in the atmosphere are received by the optical transceiving unit and converted into two paths of polarization echo signals, the two paths of polarization echo signals and local oscillation light in the coherent detection receiving unit are subjected to coherent beat frequency through the optical fiber coupler, and optical signals are further converted into electric signals to be output to the electrical unit to be processed.