DTLS datagram secure transmission method based on quantum random number

The invention discloses a DTLS datagram secure transmission method based on quantum random numbers, and the method comprises the steps: generating a plurality of quantum random numbers which are used for generating a quantum random number Cookie; a Hello Verify Request message comprising the Cookie and a Client Hello message are sent, and the Client Hello message comprises the content of the message for the first time and the Cookie returned by the DTLS server; continuing to participate in a public key and private key pair generation process of bidirectional digital certificate verification and key information transmission through the quantum random number, wherein a quantum encryption algorithm based on a quantum computer can be used as a public key encryption algorithm; and continuing to participate in generation of a random number C for generating a pre-master key, random numbers A and B for generating a master-key, a message authentication key generation process and an encrypted communication key generati