Biochar-based Fe monatomic catalyst as well as preparation method and application thereof

The invention provides a biochar-based Fe monatomic catalyst and a preparation method and application thereof.The preparation method comprises the following steps that shrimp shells are calcined in the nitrogen or inert gas atmosphere to obtain biochar, and then the biochar is subjected to acid pickling, cleaning and drying to obtain biochar SO; the preparation method comprises the following steps: respectively dissolving melamine and tripolyuric acid in DMSO to obtain a solution A and a solution B, dissolving ferric citrate in the solution A, then pouring into the solution B, stirring for reaction, filtering, cleaning and drying to obtain a supramolecular polymer MCA; and mixing the obtained SO and MCA according to a mass ratio of 1: (0.25-1), grinding, heating to 450-750 DEG C in a nitrogen or inert gas atmosphere, carrying out heat preservation treatment for 1-5 hours, carrying out co-pyrolysis, and cooling. By adopting the technical scheme of the invention, the catalyst has high catalytic activity, can ef