Optimized hole distribution method for smooth blasting and blasting structure

The invention provides a smooth blasting optimized hole distribution method and a blasting structure, and belongs to the technical field of smooth blasting. The smooth blasting optimization hole distribution method comprises the steps that underholing holes, auxiliary holes and peripheral holes are sequentially arranged from the center of a section to be blasted to the contour line direction according to a preset rule, the distance between the peripheral holes is set as an initial value, the peripheral holes are subjected to non-coupling charging, and the underholing holes and the auxiliary holes are subjected to coupling charging; determining a hole arrangement position range according to the peripheral eyes and the auxiliary eyes closest to the peripheral eyes; empty holes without charging are formed in the hole distribution position range; simulating the blasting effect under the current hole distribution and obtaining the back break amount; and the positions of the empty holes and the distance between the