Simulation equipment for assembly type surface layer support design and simulation method thereof

The invention discloses simulation equipment for assembly type surface layer support design and a simulation method thereof. The simulation equipment comprises a bearing platform, and two electric sliding tables are installed on a counter-force frame of the bearing platform in a position-adjustable mode; the test box is filled with a geotechnical material, a mechanical arm is adjustably mounted on the inner side of one side wall of the test box, and a bucket, a clamp or a drill rod are detachably mounted on a mechanical disc; the loading jack is installed on an electric sliding table, the telescopic end of the loading jack is connected with a pressing plate aligned to the top face of the geotechnical material, and a spray head is further installed on the electric sliding table; the image acquisition device is mounted on the other electric sliding table; the pressure sensor is buried in the geotechnical material; the strain gauges are mounted on the soil nails; and the controller is connected to the electric s