Method and system for extracting lithium from lithium resource

The invention discloses a method for extracting lithium from a lithium resource material, which comprises the following steps of: inputting the lithium resource material into a first industrial kiln for pyrometallurgy, and separating different matter states of a pyrometallurgy product, reactants formed by the lithium compound and the first type of recoverable substance after pyrometallurgy exist in the form of tangible substances and serve as a first substance to be treated, and reactants formed by the second type of recoverable substance after pyrometallurgy exist in the form of flue gas and serve as a second substance to be treated; performing hydrometallurgical treatment on the first to-be-treated substance so as to respectively obtain a lithium target product and a first type of recyclable substance target product through hydrometallurgical treatment; and performing flue gas cooling and gas-solid separation treatment on the second to-be-treated substance, thereby obtaining a second type of recyclable subs