Preparation method of polyurethane cold storage plate containing silicon dioxide aerogel

The invention relates to the field of polyurethane plates, and particularly discloses a preparation method of a polyurethane cold storage plate containing silicon dioxide aerogel, which comprises the following steps: step 1, adding heat-resistant oil into silicon dioxide aerogel powder, clay and aldehyde-group-containing starch, kneading, extruding and granulating, adding into a gelatin aqueous solution while stirring to obtain coated particles; step 2, mixing isocyanate with polyester polyol and a catalyst, and reacting under a vacuum condition to generate a prepolymer; step 3, reacting the prepolymer, polyether polyol, a filler and a catalyst under a vacuum condition to obtain a composite material; and 4, uniformly stirring and mixing the composite material, a silane coupling agent and the coated particles, pouring into a mold, and carrying out staged high-temperature curing molding. According to the method, the silicon dioxide aerogel can be effectively prevented from floating on the surface, and the prepa