Metal Rh catalyst coordinated by Salen ligand and method for catalytically preparing isononanal by using metal Rh catalyst

The invention discloses a metal Rh catalyst coordinated with a Salen ligand, which has a structure as shown in formula (1), and in the formula (1), a dotted line represents a coordinate bond; r1 is selected from straight-chain/branched-chain alkyl, heteroalkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclic radical, heterocycloalkyl, hydroxyl, aryl, substituted aryl and derivative groups thereof; r2 is selected from a hydrogen atom, a linear/branched alkyl group, a heteroalkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, a heterocyclic group, a heterocycloalkyl group, a hydroxyl group, an aryl group, a substituted aryl group and a derivative group thereof; r3 is selected from a hydrogen atom, a linear/branched alkyl group, a heteroalkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, a heterocycloalkyl group, an aryl group, a substituted aryl group and a derivative group thereof; e is a bridging group; and n is 1 or 2. The catalyst disclosed by the invention is used for catalyzing hydroformylation reaction of isooctene to prepare isononanal, and the conversion rate of