Laser welding quality detection system and method based on optical coherence tomography

The embodiment of the invention discloses a laser welding quality detection system and method based on optical coherence tomography. The system is applied to laser welding equipment and comprises a laser interference imaging system, a beam splitting module and an image processing module, and the laser interference imaging system emits a detection laser beam; the beam splitting module splits the detection laser beam into first sample light, second sample light and third sample light, the laser interference imaging system receives reflected light beams formed on the surface of a sample to be welded by the first sample light, the second sample light and the third sample light after beam combination, and an interference image is formed; and the image processing module is used for performing phase analysis on the interference image of the laser interference imaging system to respectively obtain a pre-welding image, an in-welding image and a post-welding image. According to the method, the quality before welding, d