Mine ecological restoration matrix soil based on flotation phosphate tailings and preparation method and application thereof

The invention discloses mine ecological restoration matrix soil based on flotation phosphate tailings and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of mine ecological restoration materials. The invention discloses a water-retaining agent which is composed of the following components in parts by weight: 50-80 parts of phosphate tailing powder, 10-30 parts of stripping soil, 5-10 parts of organic materials and 5-10 parts of silicate minerals. The mine ecological restoration matrix soil provided by the invention has the characteristics of rich nutrients and loose structure. The flotation phosphate tailing powder is used as a main raw material, and is mixed with an organic material, stripped soil and silicate minerals as auxiliary materials to serve as surface soil for ecological restoration of the mining area to replace covering soil, so that the problems of thin soil layer and barren soil of waste land of the mining area can be effectively solved. The mine ecological resto