Overhead distribution line short circuit fault processing method and protection system

The invention provides an overhead distribution line short-circuit fault processing method and a protection system. The overhead distribution line short-circuit fault processing method comprises the following steps: respectively acquiring a three-phase voltage real-time value and a three-phase current real-time value at each measurement point through a voltage transformer and a current transformer; respectively calculating a voltage effective value and a current effective value according to the three-phase voltage real-time value and the three-phase current real-time value, comparing the voltage effective value and the voltage setting value of the measurement point in real time, comparing the current effective value and the current setting value in real time, and determining whether a fault occurs according to a comparison result; it is determined whether the fault is a permanent fault or a transient fault. According to the technical scheme, after the fault is detected, the circuit breaker is switched on twic