Space target image simulation method and system in complex space background environment

The invention relates to the technical field of space target image simulation, in particular to a space target image simulation method and system in a complex space background environment. The method comprises the following steps: step 1, obtaining radiation energy distribution of a space target on an image by using ray tracing; step 2, calculating fixed star background energy distribution by using a star catalogue; step 3, obtaining background images of the earth, the moon and the sun by utilizing projection coordinate transformation, a stray light empirical formula and mapping; and step 4, superposing generation results of the first three steps according to a foreground and background distribution sequence to obtain a pre-generated image, superposing transfer function and noise on the pre-generated image according to camera parameters, and quantizing to generate a space target simulation image in a complex space background environment. According to the technical scheme, the problem that background informati