Test piece drilling device and detection method for drilling holes by special cutter

The embodiment of the invention discloses a test piece drilling device and a detection method for drilling holes through a special cutter. The device comprises a fixed drill jig, a support, a test piece, a positioning bolt, a knurled nut, a cylindrical pin and an inner hexagon screw. Wherein the support comprises a base, a U-shaped mounting plate vertically arranged on the base, and a supporting rod connected between the base and the U-shaped mounting plate; the whole fixed drill jig is of a plate-shaped structure and comprises a middle drilling part and fixed mounting parts symmetrically arranged on the two sides of the middle drilling part, and the fixed drill jig and the U-shaped mounting plate of the support are fixedly mounted through the fixed mounting parts on the two sides of the fixed drill jig by adopting cylindrical pins and inner hexagon screws; the test piece and the middle drilling part of the fixed drilling jig are fixedly mounted through a positioning bolt and a knurled nut; and the material a