Nitrogen-doped porous carbon loaded rare earth-iron double-monatomic catalyst as well as preparation method and application thereof

The invention provides a nitrogen-doped porous carbon loaded rare earth-iron double-monatomic catalyst as well as a preparation method and application thereof, the catalyst comprises nitrogen-doped porous carbon with a multistage pore structure, and rare earth monatomic and iron monatomic are loaded on the surface and in pores of the nitrogen-doped porous carbon. According to the catalyst, a nitrogen-doped porous carbon carrier with multi-stage pores is constructed through a multi-stage multi-template method, rare earth monatomic atoms and iron monatomic atoms are loaded on the nitrogen-doped porous carbon carrier, so that the catalyst has bimetallic active sites, the rare earth monatomic atoms and the iron monatomic atoms synergistically play a role, and the obtained catalyst has excellent ORR reaction electrocatalytic activity under the alkaline condition; and the rare earth single atoms can remove free radicals generated by the ORR reaction, so that the free radicals are prevented from causing structural d