Anchoring support device and method capable of adapting to large shear deformation of rock mass structural surface

The invention provides an anchoring support device and method capable of adapting to large shear deformation of a rock mass structural surface. The anchoring support device is a wedge-shaped splitting sleeve anti-shearing variable anchor rod and comprises an anchor rod body formed by sequentially connecting an outer anchor part, a free part, a middle anchoring part and an inner anchor part and the wedge-shaped splitting sleeve arranged on the middle anchoring part in a sleeving mode, and a directional push rod with a grouting guide pipe is arranged on the wedge-shaped splitting sleeve. According to the method, a drilling machine is used for drilling according to the position of a shearing dislocation face and the shearing dislocation direction of surrounding rock, a wedge-shaped splitting sleeve is shear-resistant, a variable anchor rod is inserted into a drill hole for anchoring, a fixed-direction push rod is used for pushing the wedge-shaped splitting sleeve to the designated depth, the angle is adjusted, t