CRISPR-Cas13a-based expression vector for targeted knockdown of cancer gene and application of CRISPR-Cas13a-based expression vector

The invention discloses a novel HOPE skeleton expression vector based on CRISPR-Cas13a (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats-associated protein 13a) and application of the novel HOPE skeleton expression vector in colon cancer gene therapy. According to the HOPE skeleton expression vector, the expression of Cas13a is controlled by an NF-kappa B specific promoter DMP, and the expression of gRNA is controlled by a U6 promoter; cas13a protein is combined with mRNA (messenger Ribonucleic Acid) of a specific gene and cuts the mRNA in a targeted manner under the guidance of gRNA, so that the expression of the targeted gene is inhibited. According to the present invention, the endogenous cancer gene is adopted as the targeting gene, and the constructed novel HOPE expression vector can perform targeting knock-down on the cancer gene expression in the tumor cell so as to induce the tumor cell apoptosis without affecting the growth of the normal cell; the novel HOPE expression vector is prepared int