Compressed air energy storage load shedding anti-overspeed system and method and quick-closing valve

The invention relates to the technical field of expansion generators, in particular to a compressed air energy storage load shedding anti-overspeed system and method and a quick-closing valve. The compressed air energy storage load shedding anti-overspeed system comprises an air inlet module which comprises an air storage tank and an air inlet main air valve communicated with the air storage tank; the overspeed prevention module comprises a heat exchanger communicated with the air inlet main air valve, an air inlet adjusting door communicated with the heat exchanger, a multi-stage expansion machine communicated with the air inlet adjusting door, a discharge valve communicated with the multi-stage expansion machine, and an emergency discharge pipe communicated with the discharge valve; the exhaust quick-closing valve is communicated with the multi-stage expansion machine; the exhaust port is communicated with the output end of the multi-stage expansion machine; and the power generation module comprises a gener