Short circuit early warning system and method based on signal analysis

The invention relates to a short circuit early warning system based on signal analysis, and the system comprises a plastic welding framework which comprises an illumination assembly, a camera, a light beam supply assembly, a reflector, a protection lens, a welding seam tracking sensor, and a microcontroller; the layout identification device is used for sending out a short circuit early warning signal when a certain second type of block is too close to the first type of block or a certain third type of block is too close to the first type of block; and the emergency driving mechanism is used for emergently closing the light beam supply assembly when receiving the short circuit early warning signal. The invention further relates to a short circuit early warning method based on signal analysis. According to the laser welding machine, image data of the welding environment can be collected while the welding machine executes welding operation, and a screw target or a coin target which is too close to a laser beam c