Amphiphilic polymer, polymer vesicle, preparation method and application

The invention relates to the technical field of compound preparation, and particularly discloses an amphiphilic polymer, a polymer vesicle, a preparation method and application. The amphiphilic polymer provided by the invention can be self-assembled into vesicles, polyamide with a specific structure is taken as a mother chain, specific hydrophilic and hydrophobic groups are introduced to a main chain, an alkyl long chain can increase the uptake ability of cells to the vesicles, and amino groups and hydroxyl groups on the surface can enhance the adhesion of mucus, so that the vesicles can be absorbed by the cells. The taurine group can target PAT1 and TauT transporters of intestinal tracts, the introduced aminobutyric acid group can target the PAT1 transporters of the intestinal tracts, and when the aminobutyric acid group serves as a drug carrier, especially a carrier of insulin or polypeptide substances, oral targeted delivery of hypoglycemic drugs can be achieved, and the hypoglycemic effect is improved. Th