Cooling system and cooling method for space in small furnace passageway of glass melting furnace

The invention discloses a cooling system and a cooling method for a space in a small furnace passageway of a glass melting furnace. The cooling system comprises a small furnace bottom plate cooling air bag and a cooling air temperature regulator which are positioned in the small furnace passageway, the small furnace bottom plate cooling air bag comprises a distribution box arranged below a small furnace bottom plate, and an air inlet and an air outlet are formed in a bottom plate of the distribution box. The cooling air thermolator comprises a cooling air thermoregulation pipeline, a heat exchange water network pipeline is arranged in the cooling air thermoregulation pipeline, a water inlet of the heat exchange water network pipeline is connected with the water inlet pipeline, and a water outlet of the heat exchange water network pipeline is connected with the water outlet pipeline; one end of the cooling air temperature adjusting pipeline is connected with the air inlet, and the other end is connected with t