Pressure balancing structure and anti-explosion valve

The invention provides a pressure balancing structure and an anti-explosion valve. The pressure balancing structure comprises a rod part, wherein the rod part is axially provided with a ventilation channel in a penetrating manner; the locking piece is detachably connected with the rod part, a cavity is formed in the locking piece, a first elastic piece, a gasket and a pressing piece are sequentially connected to the interior of the cavity in an abutting mode, an elastic plug is fixedly connected with the gasket and the pressing piece in a clamped mode and provided with a vent hole, and the end, away from the first elastic piece, of the elastic plug is connected with the vent hole in a sealed mode. The elastic plug has elasticity; when the air pressure in the sealing cavity is larger than the outside air pressure, the elastic plug deforms, so that the end, away from the first elastic piece, of the elastic plug is not connected with the vent hole in a sealed mode, and air in the sealing cavity can penetrate thr