Rapid filter system with automatic backwashing function and backwashing control method

The invention relates to the field of environment-friendly water treatment, in particular to a rapid filter system with an automatic backwashing function and a backwashing control method, which realize automatic switching control of normal operation and backwashing operation through switching of different pipelines, and realize automatic backwashing operation during backwashing operation. A backwashing gas-water mixed solution rises from the gas-water chamber on the lower side and enters the filter tank to backwash a filter material, so that precipitation operation is not needed, the backwashing efficiency is improved, the gas-water chamber is arranged below the filter tank, the gas-water chamber can be fully paved by a gas-washing pipeline, and the backwashing efficiency is improved. Therefore, the purpose of controlling the wind speed of the backwashing fan can be achieved by calculating the gravity, buoyancy and the like of the filter material according to the common knowledge of physics, so that the harde