Port planning method and system based on big data

The invention discloses a port planning method and system based on big data, and the method comprises the steps: continuously obtaining port AIS data as port ship behavior characteristic data, and building a time sequence model based on the ship traffic volume; counting a time rule of ship berth occupation, obtaining a time interval of ship entry navigation, analyzing probability density of port ships by adopting Poisson distribution for the time interval, and obtaining water area data of a port operation area; performing principal component analysis on the port operation area water area data to obtain port area ship behavior characteristic values, and constructing a port throughput prediction model according to the change of a time sequence; according to the method, a port planning investment optimization model is established, a port planning decision meeting the actual port demand is obtained according to an optimization value of the port planning investment optimization model, a ship traffic flow combined