Pantograph descending state detection device and railway vehicle

The invention discloses a pantograph descending state detection device and a rail vehicle. The pantograph descending state detection device comprises a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod and a third connecting rod, the second connecting rod is hinged with the first connecting rod; the third connecting rod is hinged to the second connecting rod, and the end, away from the second connecting rod, of the third connecting rod is hinged to a vehicle body; and the switch sensor is fixedly arranged on the vehicle body, and when the pantograph is in a pantograph descending state, the third connecting rod rotates to a preset position to trigger the switch sensor. Compared with the prior art, the pantograph descending state detection device and the railway vehicle provided by the invention have the advantages that the structure is simple, the precision of pantograph position state detection is higher, the detection is more reliable, and manual guarding is not needed. 本申请公开一种受电弓降弓状态检测装置以及轨道车辆，包括：用于与受电弓固定连接的第一连