Water turbine top cover bolt fault early warning method and device, computer equipment and medium

The invention discloses a water turbine top cover bolt pre-tightening force fault early warning method, which comprises the following steps of: obtaining time domain characteristic values of pre-tightening force signals of to-be-tested sub-bolts of a water turbine top cover bolt at the current moment, and performing fusion processing on the time domain characteristic values by utilizing a principal component analysis method to obtain a target characteristic value; further inputting the target characteristic value into a target long-short-term memory network to obtain a predicted characteristic value at the next moment of the current moment, thereby performing fault early warning according to the predicted characteristic value and an early warning control limit, and generating a fault early warning signal of the water turbine top cover bolt; the fault early warning signal is used for representing that the water turbine top cover bolt has a fault risk at the next moment of the current moment. The LSTM network p