Hydrothermal carbon-based microbial inoculum for repairing cadmium/lead polluted soil in coal mine area as well as preparation method and application of hydrothermal carbon-based microbial inoculum

The invention discloses a preparation method of a hydrothermal carbon-based microbial inoculum for remediation of cadmium/lead polluted soil in a coal mine area, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: 1) preparing hydrothermal carbon (DHC) with regular morphology by using D-ribose as a biomass raw material and using sodium oleate and PEO-PPO-PEO as template agents; (2) modifying the hydrothermal carbon with regular morphology (NDHC) by using a NaOH solution; (3) carrying out enlarged culture on the bacillus pasteurii bacterial liquid; and (4) immobilizing bacillus pasteurii by virtue of an adsorption method, so as to prepare the hydrothermal carbon-based microbial inoculum. After the soil is repaired by the hydrothermal carbon fungicide for 30 days, the leaching amount of Cd in the coal mine area soil is reduced by 89.37%, the leaching amount of Pb in the coal mine area soil is reduced by 87.79%, and the bio-availability and migration rate of heavy metal in the soil are effectively reduced.