River and lakeshore zone vegetation classification and coverage calculation method and system

The invention relates to the field of vegetation image processing, and provides a river and lakeshore zone vegetation classification and coverage calculation method and system, and the method comprises the steps: firstly obtaining a multispectral image and a visible light image of a river and lakeshore; outputting an orthographic image and NDVI data through the multispectral image and the visible light image; taking the NDVI data in the first range as a basic grid, and extracting an NDVI result; re-classifying the NDVI result according to a preset vegetation index to obtain first non-vegetation, river and lakeshore forest, river and lakeshore grassland and tree and shrub raster data; the raster data comprises a plurality of pixels; dividing the forest, tree and shrub grid data of the river and lake banks into vegetation grids and non-vegetation grids, calculating the vegetation coverage of the river and lake banks by calculating the pixel areas of the vegetation grids and the grassland grid data of the river