Water source switching system for cooling vacuum pump and operation method of water source switching system

The invention relates to the technical field of vacuum pump cooling, and discloses a water source switching system for vacuum pump cooling and an operation method thereof. On the premise that a single heat exchanger is used, different water sources can be switched to cool a water ring vacuum pump, the equipment investment is not increased, and the equipment occupied area is not increased; water sources can be operated and switched according to actual use conditions, circulating water is used for cooling the water ring vacuum pump on the premise that the cooling effect is met, energy consumption and cost can be reduced, when the circulating water insufficiently cools the water ring vacuum pump, cooling water is used for cooling the water ring vacuum pump, and the cooling effect is ensured; the backwashing water supply pipe and the backwashing water return pipe are arranged, related pipelines can be washed before circulating water is used and cooling water is used, the washing direction is opposite to the flow